四、指示代词

　　指示代词包括this, that, these, those 和such, 在句子中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语等(such不作宾语)。

　　that和those有时分别用来代表前面提到的不可数名词和名词复数，以避免重复。而可数名词单数往往用the one 或that one 来代替。用the one 的时候更多一些。如：

　　These machines are better than those we turned out last year. 生产

　　The oil output of this year is much higher than that of last year. 产量

　　The best wine is that from France.

　　My room is lighter than the one next door.

　　I'll take the seat next to the one by the window.

　　The film is more funny than that one.

　　that 可以指上面提到的事情，this指下面要谈的事情。如：

　　They have no time to read the books. That's their trouble.

　　She was ill yesterday. That's why she was absent.

　　I want to know this: How much money we have left?

　　What I want to say is this: Pronunciation is very important in learning English.

　　this 和that 有时还可以用来表示程度。如：

　　I don't want that much.

　　He is not that wise.

　　The book is about this thick.

　　五.疑问代词

　　疑问代词包括what, which, who, whom, whose, 可以用来构成特殊疑问句，也可以引导名词从句。 What, which, who在句子中作主语或宾语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。如：

　　Who is speaking? (主语)

　　Which do you prefer, the yellow one or the white one? (宾语)

　　What's your sister?(表语)

　　The man who is talking with my mother is an engineer.(引导定从句)

　　The old man whose son is studying abroad is our formal dean of the department. (引导定从句)

　　This is the plane which will fly to Wuhan this afternoon. (引导定从句)

　　I don't remember whom I have lent my dictionary to. (引导宾语从句)

　　疑问代词what, which, who, whom后面可以加ever来加重语气。如：

　　Whoever can be calling at this time of the night ?谁这么深更半夜来找人?

　　I'll say whatever comes into my head.

　　Take whichever book you like.

　　六.不定代词

　　不定代词包括both, either, neither, all, none, no, one, each, every, few, a few, little, a little, many, much, some, any, other, another, 以及some, any, no, every构成的合成代词。

　　(一)both, either, neither

　　both 表示"两者(都)"，either表示"(两者之中)任何一个"，neither表示"(两者之中)没有一个"。三个词在句子中都可以作主语、宾语、定语，both还可以作同位语。

　　My sister is good at planning her time so that she always has enough time for both work and play.(be good at 擅长做某事)

　　Neither of the answers is right.

　　Either of the books belongs to you.

　　You and I are both to blame.

　　You both agreed to stay.

　　Both 放在实意动词前，系动词be 的后面。

　　(二)all, none, no, one

　　all和none用于三者以上的场合，分别表示"全部都"和"一个都没有"，none往往与of连用。

　　All of us are fond of sports.(be fond of 爱好)

　　We are all for him.(be for sb 支持某人)

　　Grasp all, lose all. 什么都抓，什么都抓不住。(谚)

　　None of them know how to read and write.

　　A friend to all is a friend to none. 滥交者无友。(谚)

　　None of us are perfect.

　　None of them has had that kind of experience.

　　no表示"没有"，在句子中只能作定语，相当于not a 或not any，not否定动词，no否定名词。

　　Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不等人。(谚)

　　No man is born wise. 没有人是生来聪明的。(谚)

　　I'm no dancer. (I'm not a dancer.)

　　one 指代上文提到的人或物，前面可以加定冠词，可以有自己的定语，还可以有复数形式。

　　Your answer is a good one.

　　I don't like coloured envelopes. I like white ones.